Allicient: Cloud Computing

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<b>Amazon Web Services (AWS)  :</b></h3>
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Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive, evolving cloud computing
platform provided by Amazon.com. Web services are sometimes called cloud services or
remote computing services. The first AWS offerings were launched in 2006 to provide online services
for websites and client-side
applications.<br />
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 To minimize the impact of outages and ensure robustness of the system, AWS is geographically
diversified into regions. These regions have central hubs in the Eastern USA, Western USA (two
locations), Brazil, Ireland, Singapore, Japan, and Australia. Each region comprises multiple
smaller geographic areas called availability zones.</div>
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The growing AWS collection offers over three dozen diverse services including: </div>
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<li><b>CloudDrive,</b>
which allows users to upload and access music, videos, documents, and photos from Web-connected
devices. The service also enables users to stream music to their devices.</li>
<li><b>CloudSearch</b>, a scalable search service
typically used to integrate customized search capabilities into other applications.</li>
<li><b>Dynamo
Database</b> (also known as DynamoDB or DDB), a fully-managed NoSQL database
service known for low latencies and scalability.</li>
<li><b>Elastic
Compute Cloud, </b>which allows business subscribers to run application
programs and can serve as a practically unlimited set of virtual machines (VMs).</li>
<li><b>ElastiCache,</b> a fully
managed caching service that is protocol-compliant with Memcached, an open source,
high-performance, distributed memory object caching system for speeding up dynamic Web applications
by alleviating database load.</li>
<li><b>Mechanical Turk,</b>
an application program interface (API) that
allows developers to integrate human intelligence into Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) using a network
of humans to perform tasks that computers are ill-suited for.</li>
<li><b>RedShift,</b> a petabyte-scale data warehouse service
designed for analytic workloads, connecting to standard SQL-based clients and business
intelligence tools.</li>
<li><b>Simple
Storage Service (S3),</b> a scalable, high-speed, low-cost service designed for online backup and archiving of data and application
programs.</li>
</ul>
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All AWS offerings are billed according to usage. The rates vary from service to service.</div>
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<b>Difference Between AWS & Windows AZURE Cloud services.</b></h3>
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<b>

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Parameter</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">AMAZON Web
  Services</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Windows Azure</span></b></div>
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<span class="ht-content-wrap"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Deployment
  Model</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Public
  Cloud</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Public
  Cloud</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span class="ht-content-wrap"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Service Model</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Infrastructure
  as a Service</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Infrastructure
  as a Service</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Platform
  as a Service</span></li>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Industries</span></b></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Banking
  & Finance</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Government</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Healthcare
  & Pharmaceuticals</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Internet
  & Communications</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Manufacturing</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Media
  & Entertainment</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Retail
  & Customer Services</span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Banking
  & Finance</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Healthcare
  & Pharmaceuticals</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Internet
  & Communications</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Manufacturing
  & Engineering</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Retail
  & Customer Services </span></li>
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<span class="ht-content-wrap"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Control
  Interface</span></b></span></div>
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  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 124.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.5pt;" valign="top" width="246"><ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Web
  Based Application/Control Panel</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">API
  (Application Programming Interface)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Graphical
  User Interface</span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Web
  Based Application/Control Panel</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">API
  (Application Programming Interface)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command
  Line</span></li>
</ul>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Features</span></b></div>
</td>
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<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Auto Scaling</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cloud Storage</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Content Delivery Network</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Database as a Service</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Deploy Servers</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Direct Connect</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DNS Management</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">File Storage</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Flexible Storage Services</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Load Balancing</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Messaging Services</span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Auto Scaling</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Block Storage</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cloud Storage</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Content Delivery Network</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Database as a Service</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Deploy Servers</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Disaster Recovery</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Horizontal Scaling</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Load Balancing</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Messaging Services</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Vertical Scaling</span></li>
</ul>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Server OS Types</span></b></div>
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  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.5pt;" valign="top" width="246"><ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Linux</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Windows</span></li>
</ul>
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  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 171.9pt;" valign="top" width="229"><ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Linux</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Windows</span></li>
</ul>
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<b>
</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<h3>
<b>4 Basic Principles of Cloud Computing:-</b></h3>
<div>
<b>The Right Kind of Workload Optimization </b></div>
At
 the core of cloud computing is this idea of optimizing the workload. 
This allows you to make the most of your IT resources while increasing 
your overall flexibility. Power Systems use technology like IBM’s New 
Intelligent Threads to switch between processor threading dynamically. 
The Power Systems TurboCore mode lets you provide the most performance 
per core for things like database or transaction workloads. Active 
Memory expansion lets you expand your physical memory logically by as 
much as 100 percent for memory-intensive workloads like SAP.<br />
<b>Limitless Virtualization</b><br />
With
 PowerVM, the virtualization component to IBM Power Systems, you can 
virtualize not just processor resources, but memory and I/O resources as
 well. You can use PowerVM to adjust capacity in a dynamic fashion, to 
move workloads between servers, and to maximize availability. This kind 
of virtualization even allows you to prevent planned downtime.<br />
<b>Automated Management</b><br />
Being
 able to provision resources within the cloud is key to maximizing 
utilization and efficiency. It also helps to reduce your TCO and 
management costs. Utilizing IBM Systems Director Enterprise for Power 
Systems, you have a way to manage physical as well as virtual servers in
 an automated fashion. These tools are cross-platform, too. This means 
that, no matter what your environment, the Power Systems cloud can 
provision virtual machine images and effectively allocate resources, all
 while providing you with an accurate picture of how your systems are 
operating. <br />
<b>Solutions of All Kinds</b><br />
No matter 
the shape, size or composition of your cloud, IBM Power Systems has a 
possible solution. Here are a few of the specific offerings:<br />
•    IBM
 CloudBurst. CloudBurst lets the data center quickly create and 
implement a private cloud environment. It’s a cloud computing quickstart
 aimed at a defined portion of the data center.<br />
•    IBM WebSphere 
CloudBurst Appliance. This offering lets you deploy and manage your SOA 
foundation in a cloud computing environment, and easily deploys 
WebSphere virtual images to your Power Systems partitions.<br />
•    IBM 
Smart Business Development and Test Cloud. This solution lets you create
 a private cloud environment for the purposes of development and 
testing, reducing your operating costs and your test cycle times.<br />
<br />
<h3>
Advantages of Cloud Computing :-<b> </b></h3>
<h3>
<b>Cost Efficiency</b></h3>
This
 is the biggest advantage of cloud computing, achieved by the 
elimination of the investment in stand-alone software or servers. By 
leveraging cloud’s capabilities, companies can save on licensing fees 
and at the same time eliminate overhead charges such as the cost of data
 storage, software updates, management etc.<br />
The cloud is in 
general available at much cheaper rates than traditional approaches and 
can significantly lower the overall IT expenses. At the same time, 
convenient and scalable charging models have emerged (such as 
one-time-payment and pay-as-you-go), making the cloud even more 
attractive.<br />
If you want to get more technical and analytical, 
cloud computing delivers a better cash flow by eliminating the capital 
expense (CAPEX) associated with developing and maintaining the server 
infrastructure.<br />
<b>Convenience and continuous availability</b><br />
Public
 clouds offer services that are available wherever the end user might be
 located. This approach enables easy access to information and 
accommodates the needs of users in different time zones and geographic 
locations. As a side benefit, collaboration booms since it is now easier
 than ever to access, view and modify shared documents and files.<br />
Moreover,
 service uptime is in most cases guaranteed, providing in that way 
continuous availability of resources. The various cloud vendors 
typically use multiple servers for maximum redundancy. In case of system
 failure, alternative instances are automatically spawned on other 
machines.<br />
<b>Backup and Recovery</b><br />
The
 process of backing up and recovering data is simplified since those now
 reside on the cloud and not on a physical device. The various cloud 
providers offer reliable and flexible backup/recovery solutions. In some
 cases, the cloud itself is used solely as a backup repository of the 
data located in local computers.<br />
<b>Cloud is environmentally friendly</b><br />
The
 cloud is in general more efficient than the typical IT infrastructure 
and It takes fewer resources to compute, thus saving energy. For 
example, when servers are not used, the infrastructure normally scales 
down, freeing up resources and consuming less power. At any moment, only
 the resources that are truly needed are consumed by the system.<br />
<b>Resiliency and Redundancy</b><br />
A
 cloud deployment is usually built on a robust architecture thus 
providing resiliency and redundancy to its users. The cloud offers 
automatic failover between hardware platforms out of the box, while 
disaster recovery services are also often included.<br />
<b>Scalability and Performance</b><br />
Scalability
 is a built-in feature for cloud deployments. Cloud instances are 
deployed automatically only when needed and as a result, you pay only 
for the applications and data storage you need. Hand in hand, also comes
 elasticity, since clouds can be scaled to meet your changing IT system 
demands.<br />
Regarding performance, the systems utilize distributed 
architectures which offer excellent speed of computations. Again, it is 
the provider’s responsibility to ensure that your services run on 
cutting edge machinery. Instances can be added instantly for improved 
performance and customers have access to the total resources of the 
cloud’s core hardware via their dashboards.<br />
<b>Quick deployment and ease of integration</b><br />
A
 cloud system can be up and running in a very short period, making quick
 deployment a key benefit. On the same aspect, the introduction of a new
 user in the system happens instantaneously, eliminating waiting 
periods.<br />
Furthermore, software integration occurs automatically 
and organically in cloud installations. A business is allowed to choose 
the services and applications that best suit their preferences, while 
there is minimum effort in customizing and integrating those 
applications.<br />
<b>Increased Storage Capacity</b><br />
The
 cloud can accommodate and store much more data compared to a personal 
computer and in a way offers almost unlimited storage capacity. It 
eliminates worries about running out of storage space and at the same 
time It spares businesses the need to upgrade their computer hardware, 
further reducing the overall IT cost.<br />
<b>Device Diversity and Location Independence</b><br />
Cloud
 computing services can be accessed via a plethora of electronic devices
 that are able to have access to the internet. These devices include not
 only the traditional PCs, but also smartphones, tablets etc. With the 
cloud, the “Bring your own device” (BYOD) policy can be easily adopted, 
permitting employees to bring personally owned mobile devices to their 
workplace.<br />
An end-user might decide not only which device to use, 
but also where to access the service from. There is no limitation of 
place and medium. We can access our applications and data anywhere in 
the world, making this method very attractive to people. Cloud computing
 is in that way especially appealing to international companies as it 
offers the flexibility for its employees to access company files 
wherever they are.<br />
<b>Smaller learning curve</b><br />
Cloud
 applications usually entail smaller learning curves since people are 
quietly used to them. Users find it easier to adopt them and come up to 
speed much faster. Main examples of this are applications like GMail and
 Google Docs.<br />
<h3>
Disadvantages of Cloud Computing :-</h3>
As made 
clear from the above, cloud computing is a tool that offers enormous 
benefits to its adopters. However, being a tool, it also comes with its 
set of problems and inefficiencies. Let’s address the most significant 
ones.<br />
<b>Security and privacy in the Cloud</b><br />
Security
 is the biggest concern when it comes to cloud computing. By leveraging a
 remote cloud based infrastructure, a company essentially gives away 
private data and information, things that might be sensitive and 
confidential. It is then up to the cloud service provider to manage, 
protect and retain them, thus the provider’s reliability is very 
critical. A company’s existence might be put in jeopardy, so all 
possible alternatives should be explored before a decision. On the same 
note, even end users might feel uncomfortable surrendering their data to
 a third party.<br />
Similarly, privacy in the cloud is another huge 
issue. Companies and users have to trust their cloud service vendors 
that they will protect their data from unauthorized users. The various 
stories of data loss and password leakage in the media does not help to 
reassure some of the most concerned users.<br />
<b>Dependency and vendor lock-in</b><br />
One
 of the major disadvantages of cloud computing is the implicit 
dependency on the provider. This is what the industry calls “vendor 
lock-in” since it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to migrate 
from a provider once you have rolled with him. If a user wishes to 
switch to some other provider, then it can be really painful and 
cumbersome to transfer huge data from the old provider to the new one. 
This is another reason why you should carefully and thoroughly 
contemplate all options when picking a vendor.<br />
<b>Technical Difficulties and Downtime</b><br />
Certainly
 the smaller business will enjoy not having to deal with the daily 
technical issues and will prefer handing those to an established IT 
company, however you should keep in mind that all systems might face 
dysfunctions from time to time. Outage and downtime is possible even to 
the best cloud service providers, as the past has shown.<br />
Additionally,
 you should remember that the whole setup is dependent on internet 
access, thus any network or connectivity problems will render the setup 
useless. As a minor detail, also keep in mind that it might take several
 minutes for the cloud to detect a server fault and launch a new 
instance from an image snapshot.<br />
<b>Limited control and flexibility</b><br />
Since
 the applications and services run on remote, third party virtual 
environments, companies and users have limited control over the function
 and execution of the hardware and software. Moreover, since remote 
software is being used, it usually lacks the features of an application 
running locally.<br />
<b>Increased Vulnerability</b><br />
Related
 to the security and privacy mentioned before, note that cloud based 
solutions are exposed on the public internet and are thus a more 
vulnerable target for malicious users and hackers. Nothing on the 
Internet is completely secure and even the biggest players suffer from 
serious attacks and security breaches. Due to the interdependency of the
 system, If there is a compromise one one of the machines that data is 
stored, there might be a leakage of personal information to the world.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>  </b></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Big Data :-</b></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Big data is 
an evolving term that describes any voluminous amount of structured, 
semi-structured and unstructured data that has the potential to be mined
 for information.Big data can be characterized by 3Vs: the extreme 
volume of data, the wide variety of types of data and the velocity at 
which the data must be must processed. Although big data doesn't refer 
to any specific quantity, the term is often used when speaking about 
petabytes and exabytes of data, much of which cannot be integrated 
easily.Because big data takes too much time and costs too much money to 
load into a traditional relational database for analysis, new approaches
 to storing and analyzing data have emerged that rely less on data 
schema and data quality. Instead, raw data with extended metadata is 
aggregated in a data lake and machine learning and artificial 
intelligence (AI) programs use complex algorithms to look for repeatable
 patterns.  </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Load Balancing:- </b></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Load 
balancing is dividing the amount of work that a computer has to do 
between two or more computers so that more work gets done in the same 
amount of time and, in general, all users get served faster. Load 
balancing can be implemented with hardware, software, or a combination 
of both. Typically, load balancing is the main reason for computer 
server clustering. Load balancing is dividing the amount of work that a 
computer has to do between two or more computers so that more work gets 
done in the same amount of time and, in general, all users get served 
faster. Load balancing can be implemented with hardware, software, or a 
combination of both. Typically, load balancing is the main reason for 
computer server clustering. On the Internet, companies whose Web sites 
get a great deal of traffic usually use load balancing. For load 
balancing Web traffic, there are several approaches. For Web serving, 
one approach is to route each request in turn to a different server host
 address in a domain name system (DNS) table, round-robin fashion. 
Usually, if two servers are used to balance a work load, a third server 
is needed to determine which server to assign the work to. Since load 
balancing requires multiple servers, it is usually combined with 
failover and backup services. In some approaches, the servers are 
distributed over different geographic locations.<b></b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<br />
<h3>
<b>Difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption techniques:_</b></h3>
<b>Symmetric Encryption:-</b><br />
1) Speed is fast.<br />
2) Size of cipher text is usually the same or less than that of the plain text.<br />
3) Number of keys used is the square of the number of participants.<br />
4) Key exchange is a major problem (hence, algorithms like the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange algorithm are used).<br />
5) More storage space required.<br />
6) symmetric encryption model eliminating the need to share the key by using a pair of public-private keys.<br />
7) Symmetric Encryption is an age old technique while.<br />
8) Symmetric Encryption uses a single secret key that needs to be shared among the people who needs to receive the message.<br />
<br />
<b>Asymmetric encryption</b>:-<br />
1) Slower in speed.<br />
2) Cipher text size is usually greater than that of the plain text.<br />
3) Number of keys used is same as the number of participants.<br />
4) Key exchange is no problem.<br />
5) Less storage space required.<br />
6) Asymmetric Encryption was introduced to complement the inherent problem of the need to share the key. <br />
7) Asymmetric Encryption is relatively new.<br />
8) Asymmetric encryption uses a pair of public key, and a private key to encrypt and decrypt messages when communicating.<b></b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<br />
<h3 itemprop="name">
How to Reduce Security Breaches in Cloud Computing Networks :-</h3>
In general, follow these steps to reduce the risk of suffering security breaches:<br />
<ol class="level-one">
<li><div class="first-para">
Authenticate all people accessing the network.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="first-para">
Frame all access permissions so users have 
access only to the applications and data that they’ve been granted 
specific permission to access.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="first-para">
Authenticate all software running on any computer — and all changes to such software.</div>
<div class="child-para">
This includes software or services running in the cloud.</div>
<div class="child-para">
Your cloud provider needs to automate and 
authenticate software patches and configuration changes, as well as 
manage security patches in a proactive way. After all, many service 
outages come from configuration mistakes.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="first-para">
<b>Formalize the process of requesting permission to access data or applications.</b></div>
<div class="child-para">
This applies to your own internal systems and the services that require you to put your data into the cloud.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="first-para">
<b>Monitor all network activity and log all unusual activity.</b></div>
<div class="child-para">
Deploy intruder-detection technology. Even if your
 cloud services provider enables you to monitor activities on its 
environment, you should have an independent view.</div>
<div class="child-para">
Even when cloud operators have good security (physical, network, OS, application infrastructure), it is <i>your</i> company’s responsibility to protect and secure your applications and information.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="first-para">
Log all user activity and program activity and analyze it for unexpected behavior.</div>
<div class="child-para">
Nearly 70 percent of security breaches are caused 
by insiders (or by people getting help from insiders). Insiders rarely 
get caught.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="first-para">
Encrypt, up to the point of use, all valuable data that needs extra protection.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="first-para">
Regularly check the network for vulnerabilities in all software exposed to the Internet or any external users.</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>

Various Concepts Used in Cloud Computing

Theallicient 0 Cloud Computing 11:11

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Various Concepts Used in Cloud Computing

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